Lots of opinions, and they are all valid -- from the perspective of the responders.
However, which one is right for you?
I won't pretend my response is any more "correct" than others', but hopefully I can explain my reasoning clear enough that you can determine for yourself if my experience is relevant.
I have both the 17-55 and the 15-85. The 17-55 is the one I bring with me 99% of the time.
jrmy wrote in post #13831553
I'm shooting on a T2i, and though I feel my skills are beginning to yearn for a more advanced body, I'd rather spend the money on glass.
The fact that you are considering upgrading your glass before the body suggests you are somewhat serious about photography (i.e. not from the "kit-lens-till-I-die" masses). To me, this means you are going to build a multi-lens system like most of us, so you'll likely end up with a UWA and a telephoto at some point.
If you are going to be stuck on a deserted island with only one lens, the 15-85 will definitely give you more versatility in terms of focal lengths. However, when flanked by a UWA and a proper telephoto, the extra focal lengths of the 15-85 become meaningless, whereas the main advantage of the 17-55 (F2.8+IS throughout the range) will remain indispensable.
jrmy wrote in post #13831553
I don't really have a specific subject I focus on and my needs, or more accurately, desires, are: low-light performance, IQ, and reach -- all on a wide zoom.
You list low-light performance first. The 17-55 is two-third of a stop faster at the wide-end (F2.8 vs F3.5) but two full stops faster at 55mm (F2.8 vs F5.6). This is the #1 reason for me to choose the 17-55 over the 15-85.
I find IQ "good enough" for both that it's rarely the deciding factor. (I sometimes wish the 17-55 is more flare-resistant, but its many advantages make me overlook this shortcoming.)
The 15-85 obviously has more reach, but remember one can always crop to simulate extra reach, but it's much harder to fake extra "width" (stitching panorama only gives you a wider angle-of-view, but cannot reproduce the wide-angle perspective). The extra "2mm" on the wide end translates into a 12% difference in angle-of-view (84 degrees vs 75 degrees). It is definitely a noticeable difference, but that difference becomes almost laughable when compared to a real UWA.
The 15-85 will definitely give you more reach (15 vs 23 degrees in terms of angle-of-view), but visually it's not really that much. I own the 85/1.8 (which is an excellent lens), but I find myself pairing the 17-55 with the 100L or the 70-200 more often because when you want more reach, you want much more reach....
jrmy wrote in post #13831553
I could pick up the 15-85, which has excellent IQ, and gain the reach but at the expense of low-light performance. That's where the Sigma 30 1.4 comes in, fulfilling that need.
About the Sigma 30/1.4. You already have the 50/1.8, so you probably know from first-hand experience that a wide-open prime is not always the answer in low-light. Sometimes you actually want a bit more DOF -- a multi-person portrait, for example. Not to mention, 30mm on your T2i is not wide at all. Sadly, Canon does not have an affordable wide-angle prime for crop-sensor DSLRs. So until Canon (or one of the 3rd-party manufacturers) come out with an EF-S 17/2.8 or equivalent, the 17-55/2.8 remains the only low-light, wide-angle choice.
Flash is definitely useful, and I love bounce-flash. Regardless of your lens choice, strongly consider getting yourself a flash with bounce/swivel capability. (If money is tight, consider a Sigma flash -- it will do just about everything a Canon Speedlite can do, for a fraction of the cost.)
jrmy wrote in post #13831553
I'm keen on the 17-55, as it offers wide angle, low-light performance, and the best IQ of the bunch, though it lacks reach and covers the same range of my 18-55 kit lens.
The second-generation 18-55 kit lens is much better than the first-generation 18-55 I got with my Rebel XTi/400D. However, neither come close to the 17-55 (or the 15-85) in terms of IQ, build quality and focusing speed. I don't even know when I lost my 18-55 -- don't miss it at all. 
Anyway, I know it's not an easy choice. I went through the 17-55 vs 15-85 struggle a few years ago, and ended up with both. Even to this day, I can't bring myself to selling it -- if I ever go on that African safari I've been thinking about forever, the 15-85 and 100-400 will be an excellent duo....
