hqqns wrote in post #18164963
We have to also remember too, that at 100% it's impossible to have perfect sharpness since each pixel site has only 1 colour (red green or blue) and is missing the other 2 components. Let's say a pixel we are looking at only has blue information, the red and green for that pixel comes from the surrounding pixels sites therefore effectively smoothing out the image. The actual colour is a guess at best. This is one reason why an unsharpening mask at preprocess stage can work so well. And should almost always be done.
The Bayer sensor sees luminance at all pixels, unless the color is so saturated that nothing comes through. Most things we shoot have at least some light in all color channels; even the red, green, and blue patches on a color checker have some of the other two primary colors.
100% pixel view is not a standard measure of a lens, however, as different demosaicing and conversion methods have different levels of NR and sharpening, and different pixel sizes and AA filters limit pixel contrast differently, but if you know the pixel size and if there is an AA filter, you get an idea of what the potential is, and NR and sharpening are kind of self-revealing. Not a very precise environment, but much more useful than downsampled pixels; I can make a 1280- or 1024-pixel wide image from a FF camera look sharp even at a high ISO and with a soft lens, or slightly OOF subject.
My first test to see what is going on with a lens and camera (or with a TC, too) is to find a detailed flat surface, set the camera so that I get a fast shutter speed at a low or moderate ISO (or use flash, if it too dark), and shoot that surface at a slight angle to perpendicular, as Teamspeed has mentioned, too, and then zooming into the capture at 100% and seeing if the plane of focus is in the image, how sharp it is, and if it is where the focus point was supposed to be. This gets right to the bottom of things, as far as sharpness and mis-focus are concerned. Shooting scenes where nothing may be in focus is not a good starting point, IMO; too much mystery.