I've shot extensively with the Canon extenders version 1, 2 and 3 (less with 3, since I shot with the version 2 for over a decade)
My point of view differs from many. Going all the way back to the version 1 T-Cons, the 1.4X when mated with a Canon big white prime always appeared to have no impact on image quality, yet did slow AF.
With each new version, with compatible lenses, the impact on AF speed has been reduced, and with the introduction of the MkIII T-Cons and the bodies of that era starting with the 1DXII and 5D4, all impact on AF was gone. they auto-focused just like with a bare lens.
I can not see a difference in IQ. In fact when the 1.4x II was released, it was said that weather sealing was added, superior optical coatings, but the lens assembly was unchanged. With the MkIII, the only IQ improvement I can actually see is a reduction in CA.
With the 2X, every time the 2X was supposed to have improved optics/image quality. Again, to my eyes, improvement has been minimal. Unlike the 1.4x, the 2X has always had a noticeable detrimental effect on image quality. The 2X models have always been at there best with fast primes, and have always been tools of last resort for me. That said, the MkIII also has significant improvements over the MkII where AF is concerned.
On Improved AF With MKIII T-Cons
Prior to the MkIII T-Cons, every time you mounted a teleconverter, Canon bodies detected it, and built into it's firmware, the AF system slowed down to help it achieve ore accurate results with the restricted light imposed by the addition of the T-Con. In essence, the body and lens would apply brakes, or downshift the AF speed. The 2X imparted a much bigger hit on AF speed than the 1.4x. With the MKIII T-Cons and the most modern DSLR AF Systems these "brakes" were finally removed. BUT, ONLY If you had all three of the correct ingredients to make this work;
- You had to have the most modern af system in the most up to date bodies. This included 1DXII, 5D4, and 1DXIII. (and maybe 90D, don't have first hand knowledge there)
- You also needed a compatible lens: Version 2 IS telephotos, and version 2 IS zooms
- Of course, you needed to use the MkIII T-Cons.
Substitute any part of the chain, and AF brakes would be applied.
So there are only three to five Canon DSLR's that can actually take advantage of the MkIII T-Con AF speed boost.
As for EOS R mirror-less? To the best of my knowledge the contrast AF in the R Series does not have this AF system downshift at all. More testing will confirm, but I've been testing with a pair of 2X converters stacked, and AF seems fast and accurate. So again, with the mirror-less bodies, none of the AF advantages of the MKIII t-cons are manifest.