I agree that there's loss of detail at distances due to atmosphere.... And, yes, slight camera movement is more obvious, the greater the distance. Also some of it is due to lower micro contrast at distances (again, an atmospheric effect), which makes things appear less sharp. Some of it is just that the further away things are, the less detail you (or the lens/camera) can see.
But also you state you are using your zooms wide open at f2.8. Try stopping down a bit to improve them. I try to use f4 to f5.6 most of the time. There are some lenses that are incredibly sharp wide open (Canon 300/2.8 IS is one), but even they perform best at closer distances. And, unless you are going for really shallow DOF for some reason, there are few reasons not to stop down a little whenever light allows.