That's definitely a problem that you didn't receive the manual or software in the box. If I were you, I would raise a stink with the store you bought it at, and frankly, since I think you might be better off with a more point and shoot camera, maybe use this as an opportunity to get them to swap it out for you.
I love using my G6, but my wife just doesn't get it or want to get it. She loves our Canon S410 Elph though, and has no problem using it and getting great pictures. I set it up for her once, turned AIAF off, set ISO to 50, used large superfine, automatic flash, and off she went. Seriously, I don't mean any offense by this, but the G6 does have a learning curve, and I think you'd be better off with an SD450 or SD550, or even the older models without all of the manual controls of the G6.
By the way, it sounds like you are not shooting in Raw, so I wouldn't worry about that. The icons you see that you are unfamiliar with are probably the icons for "large" and "fine" or "superfine", etc. I don't have my camera with me, but I believe these show up in the function menu (press the function button) when you are in the shooting mode.
Good luck.