Yes, you are correct, RAW does not take profile settings into account, but jpg does.
When you open the RAW file you have the option ot apply the "Canon" profiles such as Standard, Faithful, Neutral and all those and then you have the white balance to contend with, but as I've already said, these work well but they're merely averages.
The passport colour checker is 100% accurate for the specific lighting conditions in which you find yourself. If you decide to use the standard profiles, which one would you choose if you were indoors under tungsten lighting with natural light coming from a large window? The standard profiles wouldn't come close to a colour match on this... you'd need a profile for that specific condition to be anywhere near accurate. And as for flourescent lighting, that varies so much depending on the types of tubes in use so I'd say a camera calibration is the only way in this instance.
Ok I think I get it. Very similar to what we do on video shoots...use the color bars to calibrate by shooting them in whatever environment we are in.
So I'd snap a pic of the color chart at the shoot then back in studio would use your method to create a custom profile for that shoot. Makes sense.







