Camera for an Athlete that is going to the Olympics $200-$300 price range

Go big or don't go. 5D III w/ 24-105 + 70-200 IS USM Mark II. May as well take a TC - 2x mark III.

Then and again, it's the Olympics- it really only happens once for most athletes.
1Dx w/ 24-105 + 70-200 IS USM Mark II. May as well take a TC - 2x mark III.

Edit: Note that the OP posted under EOS Digital cameras- not point and shoots. So, we really should point him/her towards a suitable body and lens combo..