Ulysses01 wrote in post #17953273
Thanks for the elaboration and clarification. I know it's challenging in a group of so many to explain in detail so we're all at least on the same page of discussion.

Unfortunately, it seems there is an inclination to create terms and then give them imprecise definitions in an attempt to explain the various options available for firing an xeon tube flash with a modern focal plane shutter camera.
Here are the facts, without made up terms:
Modern cameras have two sync options;
1) X which refers to the trigger pulse that is timed to occur just after the first curtain has completely opened.
2) FP which refers to the trigger pulse that is timed to occur slightly before the first curtain begins to open.
* X sync timing ensures that the shutter curtains do not obscure the image plane when the trigger initiates the xeon tube burn.
* FP sync was originally intended to trigger the ignition of a flat burn flash bulb that had a constant luminosity through out the time required for the focal plane shutter slit to travel across the image plane.
* Camera manufacturers found that by using IGBT power control circuits they could simulate the flat burn flash bulb by rapidly pulsing a fire signal to the flash tube. The capability was productized as High Speed Sync (HSS).
* Implementing HSS required an ability for the speedlite and camera to communicate intentions. Without a special signal from the speedlite that it is set to deliver the HSS flat pulsed output the camera locks it shutter maximum speed to the x sync speed. When the speedlite is set to HSS it signals the camera which permits the shutter speed to be set above x sync. There is also communication between the camera and the speedlite to make sure the speedlite uses the flat pulsed output when the shutter speed is set beyond x sync and regular IGBT controlled output at and below x sync.
Electronic flash units use one of two methods to control power sent from the capacitor to the flash tube to cause the flash;
1) Voltage controlled power uses the fullness of the capacitor to control output. At full power the capacitor is at its maximum charge. At half power it is half full, etc. That why photographers were told to "dump" the capacitor when changing power setting on a strobe. Since lower voltage in the capacitor means less pressure on the flash tube the output curve is longer from initiation until t.1 when 90% of the capacitor charge is expended.
2) IGBT (Isolated-gate bipolar transistor) power control is accomplished by opening the circuit between the capacitor and the flash tube when the desired light output has been reached. This technology was initially implemented in speedlites to conserve capacitor charge and reduce recycle times. It also makes TTL flash metering practical. It is also the basis for the rapid pulsing of the tube output required for HSS. For strobes it means that for all power settings below full power the t.1 flash duration gets shorter.
Two ways to signal flash triggering related to shutter opening. Two ways to control power. Two ways to shape flash tube output.
Here are the options available to engineers;
1) x sync timing and voltage controlled power.
2) x sync timing and IGBT controlled power.
3) FP sync timing and voltage controlled power.
4) FP sync timing and IGBT controlled power delivering pulsed output.
One and two are what we all know as x sync flash, either with strobes or speedlites. Firing can be accomplished with only the x sync pin connection between the camera and flash.
Three was first offered by Pocket Wizard with its ControlTL triggers. They branded it as "Hypersync". Other companies have branded it "Super Sync" or other names. The key is that the camera and trigger system have to be able to communicate the FP sync signals. That requires control pin connections on the hotshoe which means the trigger has to be able to communicate with the camera using the camera manufacturer's TTL signaling protocols.
Four was first implemented by camera manufacturers as a proprietary capability for offering High Speed Sync (Canon) FP sync (Nikon) to supplement TTL flash metering. Other manufacturers have implemented a IGBT controlled pulsed output that is not controlled by the camera communicating with the flash. Its most often referred to as H mode. Its an arbitrary rapid pulsed output for a sufficient length of time to ensure reasonably smooth illumination during the time the shutter curtains are traveling across the image plane. Implementing H mode requires that the flash receives an FP sync signal to start the pulsed output before the front curtain begins travel.
Since the trigger is sending the FP sync to the camera, its possible for the timing to be modified from a default. Some trigger manufacturers offer an ability to adjust the timing to help optimize lighting performance with a specific camera light combination.
That's how it works regardless of the terms companies or photographers may use attempting to describe the capability.