Only been to banff so these is all about that park.
1) Bear spray, bring it with you. You aren't allowed guns in those areas but you are allowed the sprays. Most likely you'll never even use it but it's one of those things worth it's weight in gold if you ever need it. Most of the time the bears just find the humans annoying and leaves when we gather to gawk but you never know it's still a dangerous animal.
I found out later that black bears are actually the more dangerous bears. A grizzle only attacks to defend itself or cubs. A black bear attacking a human is likely going to try and eat him. So you can play dead with the grizzle but the black bear will just start eating you alive.
2) Lake Louise of course is the big famous place to go. Nice to walk around it but you'll want to get some elevation to get a different perspective. I found that photos taken from the lake level doesn't properly give a sense of what it's really like to be in the mountains. I think there's a ski hill a bit away from lake louise you can go up on and get a photo of the lake and the hotel next to it. Really puts the size in perspective.
3) The Columbia ice field is worth a go but it feels a bit like a tourist trap but unless you are well versed as mountaineer it's likely the only way to get onto the glacier without too much danger to yourself. Again when I was there I wanted some elevation but I had a broken ACL at the time so climbing anything was out of the question.
4) Sulfer mountain next to Banff it self. Easy way to get a lot of elevation and take the whole town in. And good place to get some shots of birds and rodents interacting with people. I got these there:
5) We found ducking into random roads seems to be productive. Especially if you see large number of cars and buses going into those areas. We found a nice restaurant in the middle of no where doing that. And a large rock bridge as well.
6) Rent a decent car the corolla we had was horrible in the mountain, no power plus when you are going down hill you are constantly thinking if your brakes could last the distance.