I checked off "all the time" because I think it would be utterly foolish not to use a hood most of the time and I virtually always do.
If a lens I'm buying doesn't come with a hood, I buy one for it immediately.
In virturally any situations, indoors or out, there can be oblique light effecting metering, degrading image quality/causing various types of flare, even effecting autofocus... a hood can help prevent that (a fitler can't, might even make matters worse).
A hood also provides good physical protection against bumps. Most of my lenses are in great shape, even ten year old ones in my Canon kit, 30 and 40 year old ones in some vintage kits I keep... some of their hoods, however, are pretty beat up (but comparatively cheap to replace if I ever feel the need).
When using a filter, especially one like a polarizer with two layers of glass (four glass-air boundaries for light to cross), it's even more important to use a lens hood, than when using the lens without any filter.
About the only time I don't use a lens hood is if it's in the way... such as trying to shoot through a fence... or if it's partially obscuring a flash with a close-up subject.