Are you aware that the Rokinon/Samyang/Bower/Vivitar/ProOptic/etc. 14mm f2.8 also cannot take filters (unless you rig something up)? The Canon 14mm can take a gel filter on the rear element, but it costs about 6X or 7X as much. That's a lot to pay for a filter holder! Oh, and autofocus.
Are you aware of diffraction? Do you know that the optimal aperture on your 60D is about f7.1 and on 5D classic about f10, to minimize loss to diffraction. f8 and f11 respectively will be fine, diffraction only barely starting. f11 and f16 respectively will show a bit more. At f22 on either format, diffraction will be rather heavy. And at anything smaller there would be huge loss of fine detail to diffraction. Hell, most large format ultrawides don't even offer apertures beyond f22 (Schneider 47mm
, for example, f5.6-16). If you need more depth of field than you get with an ultrawide and f8 or f16, you'll need to go to a TS-E 17mm and utilize the tilt mechanism to control DOF. Of course, that ain't cheap... and it can't be fitted with filters up front (but I think has a gel filter slot on the back).
Of the lenses you list, the Canon 10-22mm will be the best on your 60D. Without modification, it will not be usable on your 5D (and will vignette anyway). If you only need to use on your 60D, this would be a great choice... it's very sharp from edge to edge, has little vignetting and is unusually flare resistant (flare is more likely to be an issue with ultrawides, since the wider view makes it more likely you'll end up with a strong specular light source in the image). The 10-22mm's matched lens hood is very large and a bit of a pain to pack, but it works even though it's quite shallow. I tried to do without it, but after testing with and without I just bite my lip and make it fit in my bag now. I also hate that Canon sells lens hoods separately on so many lenses, including this one. They should include them like all the third party lens makers do (and Canon does with most L-series).
You didn't list the Tokina 12-24/4, but I will. I'd rank it second best. It is a "crop only" lens, but can be used on your 5D to about 18 or 19mm wide without any modification. Any wider than that on the FF camera and it will vignette.
The Tokina 11-16mm is similar quality, may even be a little sharper, but is more prone to flare and to get f2.8 (which IMO is largely unnecessary on an ultrawide for most mortal photograhphers), you give up a lot of focal distance range, and pay a higher price. The 11-16mm is partially usable on FF, only at the 16mm setting. Any wider and it vignettes heavily.
The Sigma 8-16mm is insanely wide. In fact it's the widest tlens available short of a fisheye. It costs accordingly and, yes, it can't take filters (unless you kluge something).
Have you considered simply getting a 17-40L to use on your 5D? It's one of the more affordable Ls... not much more than the 10-22mm or Sigma 8-16mm. 17mm wide on FF is pretty close to 10mm on crop (you might need to take one or two steps backward to get the same angle of view). If you ever feel the need for even wider, you could just add the Roki/Sam/Viv/Bow/etc. 14mm. The only thing any wider for FF is the Sigma 12-24 (though I've heard rumor Tokina might be offering something soon). There is a Sigma 16-28mm too, that's a FF lens... but it has a protruding front element that makes filter usage difficult.
.
