The sensor in the Canon 6D is one of the best Canon-made sensors to be put into a DSLR camera for both low and high ISO levels. I have conducted some tests to see where the limits might be for this latest generation Canon sensor.
The following test shows all of the native ISO levels compared. I'm happy using the 6D up to ISO 12800 for landscape photography. The noise actually doesn't look bad as far as noise goes.
This test shows how the image looks after the shadows have been lifted from 0-5 stops of being underexposed at ISO 100. I am usually happy with results up to 3 stops of lifting. 4-5 might work in an extreme case of desperation. I always bracket my exposures, so 3 stops is plenty for my work. I think I would need a sensor with over 15 stops of dynamic range to avoid bracketing in many cases, so even the current Sony sensors would still benefit from bracketing.
Outdoor real-world, shadow lifting test at 0-5 stops underexposed at ISO 100 and lifted to original exposure. Left side is Canon's DPP software. Right side is Adobe's ACR 8.2 software. DPP works fine up to a 2 stop exposure lift, but it begins to destroy details and clarity beyond that. ACR holds onto details and color fidelity better, even if there is a bit more noise. DPP has a nasty habit of making the shadow areas have little contrast when lifting the exposure. A lot of extra steps had to be taken to bring back the contrast and to lift the shadows beyond 2 stops. ACR did not require any extra work for best results.
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Dynamic range decreases as the ISO levels go higher. The following test shows what happens during a 5 stop lift to all of the native ISO levels.







