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Thread started 22 Feb 2014 (Saturday) 05:50
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Safety shift custom function on 7D

 
Ralpho
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Feb 22, 2014 05:50 |  #1

I shoot a lot of basketball at Northwood University and usually have trouble with over-exposure due to the home team's white uniforms.

I shoot RAW at 3200 ISO with aperture priority mode selected. I compensate for overexposed images in DPP before converting images to .jpg, but maybe there's a better way.

In perusing the custom functions for exposure I was intrigued by the Safety Shift, but the description in Canon's manual is poorly written and doesn't explain what the function does.

Anyone have any experience with Safety Shift? Or have another idea for me?




  
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oldvultureface
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Feb 22, 2014 06:25 |  #2

With safety shift enabled, the camera will override your exposure settings (Tv, Av) in order to "properly" expose an image.

In Av mode, your chosen aperture will be changed if the camera can't center the needle. In Tv mode, your shutter speed will be altered if a standard exposure can't be achieved.

Safety shift is going to center the needle regardless of your settings so you'll still have to compensate for the blown out uniforms with exposure compensation.




  
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Ralpho
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Feb 22, 2014 06:34 as a reply to  @ oldvultureface's post |  #3

Thanks, Old Vulture Face. Can you think of any other setting I might change to avoid over-exposure of white uniforms?




  
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oldvultureface
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Feb 22, 2014 06:41 |  #4

If the gym's lighting is uniform, spot meter the uniform in manual mode and increase exposure by one or two stops and then check the histogram for highlight clipping.




  
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DwainRowe
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Feb 22, 2014 06:45 |  #5

I'm confused. If your meter is reading the white uniforms, then it would interpret them as 12% gray and would consistently underexpose for the uniform, correct?

Not being a basketball shooter, does the lighting change enough from spot to spot on the court that manual exposure would be problematic? I am aware of the type of lights in those are arenas typically "cycling", thereby affecting white balance and exposure.


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oldvultureface
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Feb 22, 2014 06:50 |  #6

I specified manual mode with added exposure to compensate for the bright uniforms.




  
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DwainRowe
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Feb 22, 2014 06:53 |  #7

oldvultureface wrote in post #16708461 (external link)
I specified manual mode with added exposure to compensate for the bright uniforms.

Yes, sir. Your comments posted while I was still typing my post, apparently. Silly old, slow thumbs on the iPhone.

My question was intended for the OP. :)


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Feb 22, 2014 09:13 |  #8

Ralpho wrote in post #16708451 (external link)
Thanks, Old Vulture Face. Can you think of any other setting I might change to avoid over-exposure of white uniforms?

Not a "setting," but a metering technique that has proven its value at many basketball games, is to arrive early, go onto the floor with a light meter and take an incident reading (external link) under the basket. Then, the light meter's reading is transferred directly to the camera, which is operated in manual mode.

Examples:

IMAGE: http://i1174.photobucket.com/albums/r601/kevinlillard/02222014b/20121127a0000b_zps9fb56444.jpg

Camera Maker: Canon
Camera Model: Canon EOS 60D
Lens: 70-200mm
Image Date: 2012-11-27 19:41:41 (no TZ)
Focal Length: 70.0mm
Aperture: f/2.8
Exposure Time: 0.0025 s (1/400)
ISO equiv: 6400
Exposure Bias: none
Metering Mode: Matrix
Exposure: Manual
Exposure Mode: Manual
White Balance: Manual
Flash Fired: No (enforced)
Orientation: Normal
Color Space: sRGB

IMAGE: http://i1174.photobucket.com/albums/r601/kevinlillard/02222014b/20121222b1052_zpsd155f032.jpg

Camera Maker: Canon
Camera Model: Canon EOS 60D
Lens: 70-200mm
Image Date: 2012-12-22 11:37:24 (no TZ)
Focal Length: 104.0mm
Aperture: f/2.8
Exposure Time: 0.0020 s (1/500)
ISO equiv: 6400
Exposure Bias: none
Metering Mode: Matrix
Exposure: Manual
Exposure Mode: Manual
White Balance: Manual
Flash Fired: No (enforced)
Orientation: Normal
Color Space: sRGB


IMAGE: http://i1174.photobucket.com/albums/r601/kevinlillard/02222014b/201211214c0000a_zps8c55e74f.jpg

Camera Maker: Canon
Camera Model: Canon EOS 60D
Lens: 70-200mm
Image Date: 2012-11-24 19:24:35 (no TZ)
Focal Length: 200.0mm
Aperture: f/2.8
Exposure Time: 0.0010 s (1/1000)
ISO equiv: 6400
Exposure Bias: none
Metering Mode: Matrix
Exposure: Manual
Exposure Mode: Manual
White Balance: Manual
Flash Fired: No (enforced)
Orientation: Normal
Color Space: sRGB


Incident meter readings have long been proven as the most accurate method of measuring light where illumination will be static - as in a gym, but backgrounds may fool in-camera metering. Where this technique is especially useful is in the frequent circumstances where gyms have illuminated advertising signs at courtside. Measuring the light that falls on the court avoids the underexposure which comes when an in-camera meter reads those illuminated signs.

There's no complexity to this effective technique, which can be considered as much a basketball fundamental as custom white balance.



  
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rrblint
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Feb 22, 2014 09:19 as a reply to  @ DwainRowe's post |  #9

Safety Shift is not going to help you here. SS would protect against over exposure when using a wide aperture in a brightly lit scene such as a sun-drenched beach or snow scene. I don't care much for this feature as you will lose your chosen aperture, and I find that using it is not much different from using P mode.

Exposure Compensation is what you need. Use the technique described by OVF and you should be OK, but the vapor lighting in most of these basketball areas will be problematic.


Mark

  
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Ralpho
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Feb 22, 2014 11:36 |  #10

Thanks for the extensive answer. Does your light meter electronically transfer information to your camera? Or do you manually adjust camera to agree with light meter?

I don't have a light meter, anyway, so that technique is out for me. I've been shooting basketball in aperture priority mode for the last few years. Maybe it's time to go all manual.

DC Fan wrote in post #16708624 (external link)
Not a "setting," but a metering technique that has proven its value at many basketball games, is to arrive early, go onto the floor with a light meter and take an incident reading (external link) under the basket. Then, the light meter's reading is transferred directly to the camera, which is operated in manual mode.

Examples:

QUOTED IMAGE

Camera Maker: Canon
Camera Model: Canon EOS 60D
Lens: 70-200mm
Image Date: 2012-11-27 19:41:41 (no TZ)
Focal Length: 70.0mm
Aperture: f/2.8
Exposure Time: 0.0025 s (1/400)
ISO equiv: 6400
Exposure Bias: none
Metering Mode: Matrix
Exposure: Manual
Exposure Mode: Manual
White Balance: Manual
Flash Fired: No (enforced)
Orientation: Normal
Color Space: sRGB

QUOTED IMAGE

Camera Maker: Canon
Camera Model: Canon EOS 60D
Lens: 70-200mm
Image Date: 2012-12-22 11:37:24 (no TZ)
Focal Length: 104.0mm
Aperture: f/2.8
Exposure Time: 0.0020 s (1/500)
ISO equiv: 6400
Exposure Bias: none
Metering Mode: Matrix
Exposure: Manual
Exposure Mode: Manual
White Balance: Manual
Flash Fired: No (enforced)
Orientation: Normal
Color Space: sRGB


QUOTED IMAGE

Camera Maker: Canon
Camera Model: Canon EOS 60D
Lens: 70-200mm
Image Date: 2012-11-24 19:24:35 (no TZ)
Focal Length: 200.0mm
Aperture: f/2.8
Exposure Time: 0.0010 s (1/1000)
ISO equiv: 6400
Exposure Bias: none
Metering Mode: Matrix
Exposure: Manual
Exposure Mode: Manual
White Balance: Manual
Flash Fired: No (enforced)
Orientation: Normal
Color Space: sRGB


Incident meter readings have long been proven as the most accurate method of measuring light where illumination will be static - as in a gym, but backgrounds may fool in-camera metering. Where this technique is especially useful is in the frequent circumstances where gyms have illuminated advertising signs at courtside. Measuring the light that falls on the court avoids the underexposure which comes when an in-camera meter reads those illuminated signs.

There's no complexity to this effective technique, which can be considered as much a basketball fundamental as custom white balance.




  
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Ralpho
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Feb 22, 2014 11:41 |  #11

I'm afraid I've never been overly curious about the technical aspects of photography, so I have no idea how to answer your first question. I enjoy learning things like where to position myself at various times to get certain shots. That's my strength.

As for your second question, I think the changing backgrounds affect the camera settings in automatic more than changing light on the court. So I should probably be in all manual mode.

DwainRowe wrote in post #16708458 (external link)
I'm confused. If your meter is reading the white uniforms, then it would interpret them as 12% gray and would consistently underexpose for the uniform, correct?

Not being a basketball shooter, does the lighting change enough from spot to spot on the court that manual exposure would be problematic? I am aware of the type of lights in those are arenas typically "cycling", thereby affecting white balance and exposure.




  
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oldvultureface
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Feb 22, 2014 12:28 |  #12

DwainRowe wrote in post #16708464 (external link)
Silly old, slow thumbs on the iPhone.

You think you're slow ... :)




  
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DwainRowe
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Feb 22, 2014 12:32 |  #13

Ralpho wrote in post #16708894 (external link)
I'm afraid I've never been overly curious about the technical aspects of photography, so I have no idea how to answer your first question. I enjoy learning things like where to position myself at various times to get certain shots. That's my strength.

As for your second question, I think the changing backgrounds affect the camera settings in automatic more than changing light on the court. So I should probably be in all manual mode.

To progress with your photography I'm afraid that you will have to embrace the technical aspects. I assure you that you will be MUCH happier with your photos when you understand what your camera is doing in Av, Tv, etc. or when you control your camera using Manual exposures. The best way to begin this is to understand the exposure triangle.

There are several good sources of information for this that don't require a PhD !!! Here's a link that's highly recommended -> Camera Exposure (LINK) (external link)

Another highly recommended source is a book, Bryan Peterson, Understanding Exposure (LINK) (external link).

Ben's Newbie Guide on this forum is another excellent place to start -> Ben's Guide (LINK)

Don't try to tackle learning this all in one sitting and don't rush to get to shooting in all Manual. Chew a small bite at a time.

If you have questions, feel free to ask here on this forum or shoot me a PM.

Dwain


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Feb 22, 2014 13:31 |  #14

Ralpho wrote in post #16708878 (external link)
Thanks for the extensive answer. Does your light meter electronically transfer information to your camera? Or do you manually adjust camera to agree with light meter?

I don't have a light meter, anyway, so that technique is out for me. I've been shooting basketball in aperture priority mode for the last few years. Maybe it's time to go all manual.

"Transferring settings" means reading meter displays and manually entering them into the camera.

The meter used for those images (external link) was one of the most affordable on the market. As you grow in photography you'll understand the value of a light meter.




  
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amfoto1
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Feb 22, 2014 14:40 |  #15

I never use Safety Shift. It's just too unpredictable.

An evenly lit gym like in the above photos is a great example of the type of lighting where M excels and any form of auto exposure (Tv, Av or M) often will cause more problems than it's worth.

The problem with auto exposure in this type of situation is that the camera's reflective metering system is going to react to the tonalities of the players' jerseys. When a dark jersey is what's predominently being metered, the camera will tend to over expose. When a white or light colored jersey is more of the image area or the central point being measured, the camera will want to under expose. And, because the lighting is relatively even, there's really no good reason to have to deal with this variation while shooting, via Exposure Compensation or AE Lock or other methods of overriding the metering system. If you don't deal with it, you'll end up having to adjust each image differently in post-processing.

It's so much easier just to switch to M and lock in your exposure settings.

Now in order to set up M there are a number of different possible methods, all of which will work.

You could just take a short series of test shots and sneak up on a "good exposure" a little at a time. You'll need to know what your histogram is telling you, don't rely on the playback image because it's not properly calibrated, nore is it reliable since it's being viewed under different light sources each time you use it.

Some people just "spot meter off their hand", then dial in some known value. This works because the tonality of your hand doesn't change. Once you figure out the adjustment value (+1 stop might work for a caucasian person... but figure it out for yourself), you just have to make sure to orient your hand much as the subject your are shooting. For example, in the gym shots shown above you are shooting the subjects from the side, so you want to meter your hand held upright at arms length. This measures the light falling onto your hand in the same way you are photographing the light falling onto the subjects.

A separate, handheld incidence meter is another good method.... though of course you have to go out and buy a meter. This measures light falling onto the subject, rather than what's being reflected off of it. So it's not influenced by subject tonalities such as the dark and light colored jerseys. Again it's important to orient the meter correctly, for example holding it vertically in a case like this, where you are going to be shooting the subjects from the side. You don't want to hold the meter out horizontally, where it would measure the illumination falling on top of their head (unless for some reason you are shooting down from above).

If you get there early and can do so, walk around to different locations you might be shooting from and take meter readings, to see if there is any variation in the lighting. If so, make a mental note of it and be prepared to adjust your exposure slightly, if and when you move to the new location. There also might be brighter or darker areas shooting from one location... and if you know about them you can quickly dial your manual exposures up or down a click or two to compensate, while following the action in and out of those areas.

Yet another method is to use a neutral gray target such as a Lastolite EZ Balance (external link) and spot meter off that with your camera. Once again, be sure to orient the target same as your subjects.

An added bonus of this type of target is that besides arriving at a correct exposure, it also can be used to take an image that's used to set a Custom White Balance, which IMHO the above photos might have benefited from. AWB doesn't work particularly well in many types of artificial lighting. And there is often too much variation in light color to rely on the presets or try to do a manually set color temp. You can try to correct in post-production, but why go to the trouble when it's so easy to set a Custom WB? Color temp and tint are one of the few things that all editing softwares pick up and use faithfully, even from RAW files. Só it's always a bonus if you can get it right, from the start.

By the way, if you want to bias color temp for some reason, there are so-called Warm Card targets (external link) that an be used, so that the camera will consistently render an image with a slight tint, much as we used filters to achieve a certain "look" with film in the past, but soooo much easier with digital. (Note: The set of cards linked includes both warming and cooling targets, as well as fluorescent correct, a neutral gray card, and a color checker.) If you take and keep reference photos of these targets in the location, you can later use those for exposure and WB control in post-production, too... via a simple eyedropper sampling tool.

Setting up and locking in exposure at the start of the game isn't the end of it. During an event it's important to periodically check your exposures via the histogram. If, for example, that evenly lit gym has some skylights, the lighting will gradually change during the day, as the sun moves. Lighting also can change as lamps warm up over time. So be sure to call up an image and check your results every so often. You might need to tweak your settings a little. Another reason to check the histogram every so often, while shooting fast moving action Ive found my settings got bumped and are ending up incorrect more than I'd care to admit. :rolleyes:

You also might want to vary some of your exposure factors during the course of the event for other reasons.... such as to use larger or smaller apertures to get different depth of field effects. Or perhaps drag the shutter a bit for some deliberate action blur or panned shots.... so every image doesn't end up looking like every other image. I go for my "meat and potatos" shots first. Then, when I'm sure I have plenty of those in the can, I like to experiment a bit, try to get some different techniques, change lenses, move around and shoot from different locations, etc.

Anyway, give M a try, the next time you are in such an ideal location to use it. I think you'll like it.

There are plenty of other times when the various auto exposure modes are useful or even necessary. So they won't be "neglected".


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Safety shift custom function on 7D
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