The aircraft is known as a 'Bird Dog' or Cessna 172 / O-1 and was used in the Vietnam War and was flown by Forward Air Controllers. Basically these pilots would scout out enemy strongholds and launch smoke missiles (missiles filled with white phosphorous so on impact would generate a massive white cloud). Once an area was targetted, the boys with bigger armaments would bomb the crap out of said area. The plane has a heap of antennas for various wavelengths. Also, if you notice on the wing above where the pilot sits, there are 4 hooks. These were used so that if a pilot was downed, recovery in a chopper would be easy, or they can be lifted on a water floats.