Was going to suggest the North Conway area, but Jeff hit all the bases.
Great pics, Jeff. I miss the White Mountains. My brother was at the top of Mt Washington today and I grabbed some screen shots of him standing in front of the webcam up there.
Not sure what your budget is, Dermit, but the White Mountain Hotel is very nice (pricey) and in an awesome location. They may be booked full already, though. If you camp, I think Eastern Slopes Campground is the best.
http://www.whitemountainhotel.com/
Eastern Slope Inn and Resort is also nice, but pricey. But it's right downtown N. Conway, so lots of walkabout possibilities. Stonehurst Manor and Red Jacket Mountain View are other higher end options. Manchester, NH airport would be a good fly-in.
Weekdays before Columbus Day weekend would give you a better chance of finding a place. Peak foliage is a crap shoot, but I've had luck in the past in early October before the Columbus Day weekend. Like Jeff said, Columbus Day weekend means NYC rush hour type traffic.