And can someone tell me how to find the amount of compression?
In general, when photographers who aren’t complete nerds (like me) talk about jpg compression, they are referring to it in an imprecise way as being “high” or “low” because the photo editing programs they use have an interface that while giving them a choice of “Quality” settings, represent the amount of compression being applied only indirectly. The amount of compression is inverse to the “Quality” – a high Quality setting uses less compression and a low Quality setting uses more compression in order to achieve a smaller file size while sacrificing quality. And different programs use different “Quality” scales; Photoshop uses 0 – 12 while Lightroom uses the same 13 Adobe compression algorithms but they are represented by a crazy 0 – 100 scale. DPP uses 1 – 10. (I don’t know Preview, but I wouldn’t touch any program that doesn’t give the user some control over jpg quality vs. compression.)
The subject is further complicated by the fact that the amount of compression done at a given setting is also influenced by the photo’s content. Large areas of solid or near solid color, like blue skies, compress well, but highly detailed photos and highly sharpened images are less amenable to compression. Also, image noise cannot be differentiated from image detail, so in general, as ISO goes up, compression goes down and file size increases.
To really know, in hard numbers, the amount of compression that has been done to a given jpg photo file, you have to know its uncompressed size. There is a simple formula for that: [Pixels X 3] / 1.048 = MB. The explanation: Pixels is the total number of pixels in the image, height times width. Each of those pixels contains three color values (Red, Green, Blue) and in jpgs those values are always written in 8 bits. 8 bits equal 1 byte, so each of the three color values equals 1 byte of data. Pixels times 3 gives the total image content in bytes. 1024 bytes are a kilobyte and 1024 kilobytes are a megabyte (MB), so dividing twice by 1.024 or once by 1.024 squared (1.048576) gives the answer in MB.
Dividing the uncompressed size by the jpg size, gives the amount of compression.