shutter speed
i s'pose it's sorta off dsze's original topic... anyway, there are 2 components to a mechanical shutter
- mirror movement + iris 'constricting'. this is the mechanical 'slap/click' bit that is felt when you depress the shutter release. it's also why mirror lockup is useful - to prevent magnified vibrations. on some of my older slr's, the mechanical action took as long as 1/60th of a second (or longer on some). i believe on my 10d and 300d, it's around 1/200th or so. remember the old pinhole/box cameras where the photographer would take off the lenscap, and then walk back and put it back on a few seconds later. oops - major digression....
- curtains moving over film/sensor to obscure light from entering the exposed sensitive area. it's kinda like the lightbar on a copy machine when it goes over a document. only instead, it's a little window that slides across to let light in very quickly. on the 10d, i can set the shutter to 1/4000. this means as the curtains travel across, any one area of the sensor receives only 1/4000 sec of light. if you were taking a photo of a very fast object, it could move between the time one side of the sensor was exposed and the other - leaving not a blurry image, but an askew one.
there are also electronic shutters which electronically cut off the signal after 1/x second (well... cutoff processing the signal), but we won't go into that.
i don't, however think this was dsze's problem. i'm guessing it may have had to do with area of focus and the object (girl on swing) leaving the area of focus. we'd have to see a photo, though.