dbump wrote:
This is something I've wondered about before, but never asked--seems like a good time:
Is the exposure compensation just an alternate (more creative/intuitive/non-technical) interface to the shutter and aperture settings?
To take Turbotony's example, you're in Tv mode, you've picked 1 second, and the metering maxes you at F8. If you adjust the exposure compensation down two stops, isn't the camera actually adjusting the shutter up two stops when it exposes the ccd?
Bingo!
Yes, all exposure compensation is doing is telling the camera to adjust either aperature or shutter speed to get a darker or lighter image than what the camera thinks is the correct exposure. At the most basic level, the camera exposure controls have only those two variables to work with.
To put it another way, you do have exposure compensation available in manual mode: Adjust the aperature or the shutter speed. Looking at it "backwards", you also have the ability to see what exposure compensation you've chosen by pressing the shutter button half way. This causes the camera to evaluate the scene, figure out what it thinks the correct exposure should be, then it displays the +/- exposure number, telling you what exposure compensation you've chosen with your shutter speed and aperature settings.
Yet one more angle to think about it from (as if I haven't babbled enough already): you (Tony) posed this in terms of the camera having a capability in other modes that doesn't exist in manual mode. In reality, if you tried to take that same picture in shutter priority mode and set the shutter speed to 1 second, you would get the same results you're getting now in manual mode, no matter how much you adjusted the exposure compensation. And, if you went to program mode, you wouldn't even get close, because the camera would force your shutter speed slower than you want. So the manual mode is actually giving you more functionality, not taking any away, since you can force it to go to its extreme settings. The camera, by itself, just isn't capable of doing what you want.
So in the example of the stream, the issue is not that the camera doesn't allow you to set exposure compensation in manual mode, but that the camera isn't capable, in those basic terms, of correctly exposing a 1 seccond image in the given light. So the options left are to find ways of reducing the amount of light entering the camera. The built in ND filter, as mentioned, is the most obvious first step. (If it were available, a smaller aperature would actually be the first option, but of course 8.0 is the smallest we get.) If that's not enough, then adding a filter (and adapter, if you don't have one) would be the next step. An ND filter would work, or a polarizer would also help - it acts as an ND filter, usually 2 steps, but also adds the benefits of adding a little contrast and giving you control over reflections.
I hope some of this was halfway comprehendable.... 