Shooting RAW shouldn't be an excuse for being lazy about proper exposure. Even RAW can't rescue some badly exposed shots -- blown highlights can still be blown, and underexposed shots can still be too noisy. But, still, if we get out exposure messed up we do have more latitude to try to fix it.
Plus, in high contrast scenes, the "right exposure" will tend to be a compromise between, say, a dimly lit subject in the foreground and a bright sky in the background. You take your best shot, and if you're shooting RAW you have more of a capability to then get highlights and shadows evened out.
But the other elements that the camera does with in-camera jpeg processing are very real considerations: contrast, saturation, sharpening and white balance are "hard coded" into the jpeg, according to your picture styles and your WB setting. You can try to fine tune these things in a photo editor but you have given up a lot of creative control to the camera's simple settings. The camera applies all of these things then shrinks the original data down so you have less to work with.
There are good reasons that many photogs shoot jpegs, mainly speed and volume in shooting, speed and convenience in getting a shot from the camera to be viewed and used right away, and then economy in disk drive space. Some jpeg shooters have even found programs such as Lightroom good for quick editing of their images since Lightroom can do non-destructive editing of jpegs, which is cool.
But, all that doesn't negate the very substantial benefits of shooting RAW. It's just that for some, they are happy without RAW and prefer the convenience of jpeg. Different strokes...
For me, RAW was one of the compelling reasons for me to start with DSLRs, and I haven't looked back.