Make note of Av, Tv and P. They are also automatic exposure modes, but you can give a little more input with them than you can with the "no thinking required" modes on the other side of the dial.
Now that you've discovered the f stops, buy the book "Understanding Exposure" and study it. The author give lots of guidance how to use a camera in the auto exposure modes with it's internal meter. He also talks a lot about when and why to choose a larger or smaller aperture, or a faster or slower shutter speed.
I've been shooting for 30 years, but found it a good read and it reminded me of a number of things I'd forgotten.
After you've mastered the techniques in that book, you might find yourself wanting to switch to M and learn to use it, too.