To me it's pretty simple. It's like when you are shooting film, you can go to the 1 hour photo place and get 4x6s, or if you want the best you either pay more and work with a lab and wait, or you do it yourself.
People who honestly want no more than a digital one-hour-photo can shoot jpeg, and as long as they get the settings right for each scene and don't need to do any further processing then they have the shot -- no pp involved, they can be good for whatever use.
RAW is different because it requires some pp, but there are still ways to do things like batch processing with RAW. But any time with a computer will take longer than the second it takes to click off the shot, so no mystery there.
With me, as far as shooting time, there are two basic categories: one include things like sports/action and active bird/wildlife areas. I can quickly build up hundreds of shots over a brief period of time because I'm moving quickly from subject to subject and shooting in short bursts and sometimes tracking them and shooting from different positions. So, I come home with hundreds of shots, I do my best to batch them together where they are the same lighting, I'm using the same exposure, I want the same amounts of things like contrast and sharpening in mind, and bam -- all that's left is cropping considerations. If I'm moving quickly and the conditions of the shoot are right, that can actually be faster than waiting for the 1-hour photo, especially since you probably won't run hundreds of shots through one-hour-photo
, and I don't have to leave the house to do it!
My other typical shooting style involves subjects that don't move, that require thought instead of speed to set up and finesse exposure and composition, to bracket aperture a lot of time, to try different angles and various other things. I'll get less shots than birding for sure, but probably more keepers per shot. It's likely to to take longer on a per-shot basis to pp, but I'm looking for results that could have the potential of large, high-quality prints, and the extra time is worth it.