Black reflectors are very useful. They are used to block or flag off light but two great examples of using a black reflector would be 1. If you're shooting outside and you have a bright sun or harsh light coming from one direction, you might choose to block that light rather than just diffusing it to create your own shade so you have more control over the lighting, and 2. If you're in a small studio that has white walls and you find that too much light is reflecting off the walls and returning to your subject area. If you place a black reflector in between the subject and the wall it will block that light that's returning and again gain more control over the subject lighting.
Quite often there are light sources in studios and on location that are undesirable. Lighting is about working and controlling light. Flags, gobos, cutters, and black reflectors give you that control.