Ok, there seems to be a REAL problem here regarding dpi, ppi, etc..
People just assume that dpi is an acronym for quality!
This scares me!
What if i told you that an image at 1dpi, yes 1dpi, is the same as one at 3000 dpi?!
You will surely call me a fool and throw rotten cabbages at me, but the only factor which affects quality is the actual pixel count of an image. You computer only works in pixels, so lets say you video settings are 1024x768, there will be 1024 pixels horizontally and 768 vertically, no matter if you have a 14inch monitor or a 21inch monster! When you are in photoshop, and you zoom to 100%, it means that you are viewing everypixel, in the sense, there will be,a bit less due to the actual PS window, but 1024 pixels across.
Now when it comes to printers, this REALLY scares me, coz people get SO caught up in the marketing hype. i hear ABSURD things such as 9000 dpi and so on......this is USELESS.
People just assume that each Dot, or droplet(D.P.I.-droplet/dot per inch) will represent a pixel, and how wrong this is. The printer will most likely print at 720 DPI or less, and then use say 10 dropletsor so to make up that pixel, so that the shade variations are nicer.
That print companies want 'HIGH RES' images has NOTHING to do with quality,now read that again...NOTHING to do with quality. AS mentioned by robertwgross, its to do with saving time, because you are giving them an image in pixels, and the PPI/DPI setting will get adjusted to meet the paper size. And if you do this for them, it saves a little time.and time is money! I hope this had made things a bit clearer, i know that i was so confused about it. The 'resolution' of your screen will depend on the video setting, and the size of your screen, changing an images dpi setting in photoshop will have NO difference on its size, the pixel number is STILL the same.
All the best, im off to put my flame suit on
K