The 7D pixels are 4.3 microns square. The Bayer filter limits the effective filter size to about double that - 8.6 microns. This is a small blur circle, so extracting the ultimate image quality means you want to look at _extremely_ sharp lenses.
I've done some experimenting with several I own and have borrowed. The 70-200 II, 300f/4L (IS type) and the 400/5.6L are all astonishing. In star tests, I found that the 70-200 II was producing 2*2 pixel square points over almost the entire field - essentially the lens is outresolving the camera! Each of these works great with the 1.4x tc however you will loose autofocus with the 400mm / tc combination.
I haven't star tested the other two (yet) however quick tests indicated that they were quite a bit sharper.
At the other end of the scale, I've used the 17-40L and 50/1.4 Sigma. Both are great, particularly when stopped down a little. The Sigma 50/1.4 needed -12 dialed into in the micro-focus adjustment but it's otherwhise quite fine.