... What is a crop camera? What does it do? Is it good or bad? ...
Finally, a question that I know the answer to.
The sensor in a "crop camera" (e.g. the Canon Rebel series) is smaller than the sensor in a "full frame" camera. Most lenses project an image that would fill a full frame camera, so the crop camera's smaller sensor effectively crops off the image's edges.
In general, a full frame camera is superior because it gathers more light. My T2i's sensor is about 60% of the size of a full frame camera but compensates as best it can by optimizing the electronics and software.
Cropping the image, whether in the camera or in Photoshop, reduces the field of vision in the same way that a longer lens reduces the field of vision. So, a 100mm lens on a crop camera yields a field of vision that is equal to a 160mm (100mm x 1.6 crop factor) lens on a full frame camera.
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